What kind of bone is the rib

What are the structural and functional differences between the femur and the patella? Structurally, the femur is a long bone, meaning its length is greater than its width, while the patella, a sesamoid bone, is small and round. Functionally, the femur acts as a lever, while the patella protects the patellar tendon from compressive forces. Skip to content Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System. Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Classify bones according to their shapes Describe the function of each category of bones.

Short Bones A short bone is one that is cube-like in shape, being approximately equal in length, width, and thickness. Irregular Bones An irregular bone is one that does not have any easily characterized shape and therefore does not fit any other classification.

Sesamoid Bones A sesamoid bone is a small, round bone that, as the name suggests, is shaped like a sesame seed. Bone Classifications Bone classification Features Function s Examples Long Cylinder-like shape, longer than it is wide Leverage Femur, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals, phalanges Short Cube-like shape, approximately equal in length, width, and thickness Provide stability, support, while allowing for some motion Carpals, tarsals Flat Thin and curved Points of attachment for muscles; protectors of internal organs Sternum, ribs, scapulae, cranial bones Irregular Complex shape Protect internal organs Vertebrae, facial bones Sesamoid Small and round; embedded in tendons Protect tendons from compressive forces Patellae.

Chapter Review Bones can be classified according to their shapes. Which category of bone is among the most numerous in the skeleton? In addition, the flat bones in your skull have a unique structural feature. They meet at unique joints called sutures. This allows your brain to grow and expand as an infant and child.

Flat bones are a type of bone in your body. Flat bones serve to either protect your internal organs or to provide a connection point for your muscles. Dairy is the best source of calcium in the diet, the main mineral in bones. For this reason, milk is often recommended to optimize bone health. Bone pain is an extreme tenderness or aching in one or more bones.

A bone infection may occur when bacteria or fungi invade the bone, causing many symptoms, including fever, redness, stiffness, and swelling. A bone scan is an imaging test used to help diagnose problems with your bones.

Find information on why a bone scan is done and what to expect during…. A bone mineral density test uses X-rays to measure the amount of minerals in your bones. This test is important for people who are at risk for….

A recessed maxilla can cause cosmetic issues like flat cheekbones and a prominent jaw, and lead to dental problems, speech issues, and obstructed…. If you do tear a meniscus, you might be tempted to "walk it off. Irregular bones vary in shape and structure and therefore do not fit into any other category flat, short, long, or sesamoid.

They often have a fairly complex shape, which helps protect internal organs. For example, the vertebrae, irregular bones of the vertebral column, protect the spinal cord. The irregular bones of the pelvis pubis, ilium, and ischium protect organs in the pelvic cavity. Sesamoid bones are bones embedded in tendons.

These small, round bones are commonly found in the tendons of the hands, knees, and feet. Sesamoid bones function to protect tendons from stress and wear. The patella, commonly referred to as the kneecap, is an example of a sesamoid bone. See more from our free eBook library.

A description of types of bones from the edition of Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body. Human Anatomy Atlas offers thousands of models to help understand and communicate how the human body looks and works.

The sesamoid bones protect tendons by helping them overcome compressive forces. Sesamoid bones vary in number and placement from person to person but are typically found in tendons associated with the feet, hands, and knees.

Table 6. Bone tissue osseous tissue differs greatly from other tissues in the body. Bone is hard and many of its functions depend on that characteristic hardness. Later discussions in this chapter will show that bone is also dynamic in that its shape adjusts to accommodate stresses. This section will examine the gross anatomy of bone first and then move on to its histology. The structure of a long bone allows for the best visualization of all of the parts of a bone Figure 6.

A long bone has two parts: the diaphysis and the epiphysis. The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity , which is filled with yellow marrow. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone. Red marrow fills the spaces in the spongy bone. Each epiphysis meets the diaphysis at the metaphysis, the narrow area that contains the epiphyseal plate growth plate , a layer of hyaline transparent cartilage in a growing bone.

When the bone stops growing in early adulthood approximately 18—21 years , the cartilage is replaced by osseous tissue and the epiphyseal plate becomes an epiphyseal line. The periosteum contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels that nourish compact bone. Tendons and ligaments also attach to bones at the periosteum. The periosteum covers the entire outer surface except where the epiphyses meet other bones to form joints Figure 6.

In this region, the epiphyses are covered with articular cartilage , a thin layer of cartilage that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber. Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide a surface for inorganic salt crystals to adhere.